- Podmiot leczniczy, nr księgi RPWDL 000000229528
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A test that assesses the body’s iron stores.
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Opis produktu
Why ferritin is tested
Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the liver, spleen and bone marrow. Its blood concentration is the best single indicator of iron stores: it falls first, before anaemia develops, allowing deficiency to be detected while the full blood count is still normal. It is also an acute-phase protein, so its level rises during infection and inflammation, which must be considered when interpreting the result.
When to consider this test
- persistent tiredness, hair loss, brittle nails, pallor, breathlessness or restless legs syndrome,
- heavy periods, pregnancy or planning a pregnancy, a vegetarian or vegan diet, or frequent blood donation,
- anaemia on a full blood count (low Hb, MCV), to distinguish iron deficiency from anaemia of chronic disease,
- endurance athletes, children during periods of rapid growth and people over 60,
- monitoring iron treatment (usually after 2–3 months),
- suspected iron overload: a family history of haemochromatosis, joint pain or raised liver function test results.
How to prepare
- Fasting is not required. The sample can be collected at any time of day.
- Avoid testing during an infection or within 2 weeks afterwards, as the result will be raised and may mask deficiency.
- If you take iron supplements, tell your doctor; to assess stores without treatment, supplements are stopped for a few days after consultation.
Understanding your result
Results are reported in µg/l (ng/ml). Laboratory reference ranges are broad (ALAB: women 15–250, men 20–500 µg/l), but values at the lower end of the range may already indicate deficiency. WHO thresholds from 2020:
| Ferritin | What it means |
|---|---|
| below 15 µg/l (adults), below 12 µg/l (children under 5) | iron deficiency in people without inflammation |
| below 70 µg/l (adults), below 30 µg/l (children) during infection or inflammation | iron deficiency may be masked by inflammation; the doctor assesses CRP and transferrin saturation |
| above 150 µg/l in women, above 200 µg/l in men | risk of iron overload in otherwise healthy people; requires assessment, not self-treatment |
| above 500 µg/l | further investigation is needed: iron overload, liver disease, chronic inflammation or cancer |
When symptoms of deficiency are present and ferritin is 15–30 µg/l, many doctors start iron replacement because stores are already running low. The result is interpreted alongside a full blood count and CRP.
Other tests to consider alongside ferritin
Most commonly: full blood count, iron, transferrin or TIBC, CRP, and, if anaemia is present, vitamin B12 and folate. Symptoms and treatment of deficiency: an article on Badania-Medyczne.pl.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to fast for a ferritin test?
No; ferritin levels do not change significantly throughout the day. If iron or glucose is being measured in the same sample, attend fasting.
My full blood count is normal, but my ferritin is low. What does this mean?
This is latent iron deficiency: stores are depleted, but haemoglobin is still maintained. It causes tiredness, hair loss, brittle nails and reduced exercise capacity. If untreated, it progresses to anaemia.
Why is my ferritin high even though I do not take iron?
Ferritin rises with inflammation, infection, liver disease, obesity and alcohol consumption, sometimes to two or three times its usual level. The doctor checks CRP and liver function tests and, if the result remains high, transferrin saturation to investigate haemochromatosis.
Sources: ALAB laboratoria, Ferritin (reference ranges, causes of low and high results); WHO, Guideline on use of ferritin concentrations to assess iron status in individuals and populations, 2020 (thresholds for iron deficiency and overload). For information only; does not replace medical advice.
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